Metabolic syndrome ms is a complex disorder represented by a set of cardiovascular risk factors usually related to central fat deposition, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. The who definition was the first to tie together the key components of insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension. The metabolic syndrome is a constellation of interrelated abnormalities, including dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure and glucose, and prothrombotic and proinflammatory states 1. In one study, the presence of four or more metabolic syndrome risk factors was associated with a 3. Mets is defined by a cluster of interconnected factors that directly increase the risk of coronary heart disease chd, other forms of cardiovascular atherosclerotic diseases cvd, and diabetes mellitus type 2 dmt2. From 20042005, researchers in norway performed a study looking at the effect that different types of exercise programs had on people diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. You can have just one risk factor, but people often have several of them together. Metabolic syndrome, also called syndrome x, is a combination of conditions that raises your risk of diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease. To propose a new criterion for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome ms in adolescents and to check its consistency with those proposed by jolliffe. The underlying causes of metabolic syndrome include overweight and obesity, physical inactivity, genetic factors and getting. Ethnicspecific criteria for the metabolic syndrome. Idf consensus definition of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors that is frequently associated with insulin resistance.
Design an appropriate plan, including goals of therapy and integration of nondrug therapy, for treatment of the underlying and metabolic risk factors in metabolic syndrome. Healthy lifestyle changes, such as weight loss and exercise, can help to reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The national institutes of health guidelines define metabolic syndrome as having three or more of the following traits, including traits youre taking medication to control. About metabolic syndrome american heart association. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors that trigger heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. There are slight differences in the criteria ofdiagnosis depending on which authority isquoted. Metabolic syndrome is diagnosed when a person has more than 3 of the following criteria. Jan 07, 2019 metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors that trigger heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.
Metabolic syndrome is the name for a group of risk factors for heart disease, diabetes, and other health problems. The idf consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome diagnosis and treatment mayo clinic. Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of at least three of the five following medical conditions. Metabolic syndrome is a serious health condition that affects about 23 percent of adults and places them at higher risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, stroke and diseases related to fatty buildups in artery walls. People with metabolic syndrome are much more likely to develop chronic health conditions, including. The american heart association aha and the national heart, lung, and blood institute nhlbi have released joint recommendations on the management and diagnosis of. Metabolic syndrome mets is defined by a constellation of several associated physiological, biochemical, clinical, and metabolic factors that directly increases the risk of atherosclerotic cvd, t2dm, and allcause mortality wilson et al. Metabolic syndrome leads to chronic illnesses that account for 43% of all deaths in canada. It can lead to a greater potential of type 2 diabetes, lipid disorders, cardiovascular disease, hepatic steatosis, and other circulatory disorders. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome circulation. Such patients may have a strong genetic contribution to insulin resistance.
Some male patients can develop multiple metabolic risk factors when the waist circumference is only marginally increased, e. The international diabetes federation idf has produced a series of consensus statements on issues related to the care, management and prevention of diabetes. Metabolic syndrome mets is a complex disorder with high socioeconomic cost that is considered a worldwide epidemic. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome is also increasing globally. Family doctors can detect it early and with the right support, reverse the risks. Design an appropriate plan, including goals of therapy. The definition mandates that insulin resistance be present.
Diagnose metabolic syndrome using the most appropriate risk factor criteria. Apply currently available consensus guidelines to the treatment of atherogenic dyslipidemia, hypertension, and glucose dysregulation. A cluster of common abnormalities, including insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, abdominal obesity, reduced highdensity lipoprotein hdlcholesterol levels, elevated triglycerides, and hypertension. Ana denise brandao, jeferson hernandes da silva, sarah mariane oliveira lima, leiciane lima, bhianca loize, antonio adolfo mattos. The criteria to identify this syndrome are by the presence of three or more of these risk factors. The term dates from the 1950s but the clustering has been known since the 1930s. Metabolic syndrome symptoms, diagnosis and treatment bmj. Sep 15, 2006 the american heart association aha and the national heart, lung, and blood institute nhlbi have released joint recommendations on the management and diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome has received increased attention in the past few years.
Metabolic syndrome is a condition that represents a cluster of risk factors. Mar 14, 2019 the national institutes of health guidelines define metabolic syndrome as having three or more of the following traits, including traits youre taking medication to control. In 2001, the national cholesterol education program ncep developed operational criteria to make a diagnosis of the. In the absence of diabetes, the metabolic syndrome generally did not raise 10year risk for chd to 20%. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic risk factors that come together in a single individual. Pdf to propose a new criterion for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome ms in adolescents and to check its consistency with those proposed. It should be noted that questions have been raised as to whether metabolic syndrome captures any unique pathophysiology implied by calling it a syndrome and whether metabolic syndrome confers risk beyond its individual components. Apr 20, 2018 metabolic syndrome, also called syndrome x, is a combination of conditions that raises your risk of diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke.
In 2005, the international diabetes foundation idf published new criteria for metabolic syndrome zimmet et al. Metabolic syndrome is a combinationof medical disorders that, when occurring together,increase the risk of developing cardiovasculardisease and diabetes. This syndrome is also known as syndrome x, dysmetabolic syndrome and insulin resistance syndrome. Definition and diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome. National cholesterol education program atp iii guidelines. The person with metabolic syndrome may have type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and stroke at the same time. Metabolic syndrome is associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes type 2 diabetes is much more likely to develop among people with metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a collection of disorders including high blood pressure, obesity, high cholesterol and insulin resistance that together increase the risk of stroke, heart disease and type 2 diabetes.
Metabolic syndrome mets was developed by the national cholesterol education program adult treatment panel iii, identifying adults with at least 3 of 5 cardiometabolic risk factors hyperglycemia, increased central adiposity, elevated triglycerides, decreased highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, and elevated blood pressure who are at increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular. These questions raise uncertainty about the value of diagnosing metabolic syndrome in individual patients. Individuals with metabolic syndrome are at increased risk for chd. Metabolic syndrome, originally described by reaven in 1988 as syndrome x or insulin resistance syndrome, is a cluster of common abnormalities, including insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, abdominal obesity, reduced highdensity lipoprotein hdlcholesterol levels, elevated triglycerides, and hypertension. The idf consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic. Idf consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome. Mar 11, 2014 metabolic syndrome is defined by a constellation of interconnected physiological, biochemical, clinical, and metabolic factors that directly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and all cause mortality. When you have at least three of them, it is called metabolic syndrome. These metabolic factors include insulin resistance, hypertension high blood pressure, cholesterol abnormalities, and an increased risk for blood clotting. The idf metabolic syndrome consensus definition process workshop was supported by an educational grant from astrazeneca pharmaceuticals.
Consensus statements international diabetes federation. The criteria for metabolic syndrome include obesity, dyslipidemia low highdensity lipoprotein andor elevated triglycerides, elevated blood pressure, and alterations in glucose metabolism. Metabolic syndrome is defined by a constellation of interconnected physiological, biochemical, clinical, and metabolic factors that directly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2. The number of metabolic syndrome components also influences the degree of risk. Metabolic syndrome an overview sciencedirect topics. Large waist a waistline that measures at least 35 inches 89 centimeters for women and 40 inches 102 centimeters for men. It affects about 20% of the malaysian populationand prevalence increases with age. A comprehensive definition for metabolic syndrome ncbi. Pdf definition and diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome. Although it is synonymous with the insulin resistance syndrome, not all patients with the metabolic syndrome will have insulin resistance 1. Because of the growing prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, several organizations have attempted to set forth clinical criteria for its diagnosis 15. Although it includes the same general criteria as the other definitions, it requires that obesity, but not necessarily insulin. Platinum standard definition additional metabolic criteria for research the idf consensus group has highlighted a number of other parameters that appear to be related to the metabolic syndrome table 3 which should be included in research studies to help determine the predictive power of these extra criteria for cvd andor.
775 799 1226 954 1489 1232 1359 862 22 940 60 1145 973 221 583 1457 1023 83 1121 923 1470 849 133 1498 96 1358 253 528 1160 904 775 586 113